"Primary sources are original materials/information on which other research is based. It includes journal articles of original research, conference papers, dissertations, technical reports, and patents. Primary sources are also sets of data, such as health statistics, which have been tabulated, but not interpreted."
...it presents new research. Look for a description of methodology - did they create new data, or are they examining data generated by other people or groups?
...tries to address a specific question. Are the authors finding an answer, or providing an overview?
...contains "raw data". Does the article present information directly (ie. tables, graphs), or does it only describe the information collected?
...it reviews data produced by others. Look for terminology such as "overview", "meta-analysis", or "literature review"
...provides a broad overview of a field. If it's not addressing a specific question, it is often a summary of work performed by others.
...provides a personal view. Editorials, analysis, responses to articles, and such - while these are often useful, they aren't presenting unbiased information that can be used by other parties without examination for bias.
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| The article to which the citation above refers would be considered primary source material because [select one]: | ||
Is it Secondary? |
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| The article to which the citation above refers would be considered secondary source material because [select one]: | ||
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What Have You Learned? |
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Title: Effect of nasogastric tubes on incidence of aspiration. Author(s): Leder SB; Suiter DM Affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8041, USA. steven.leder@yale.edu Source: Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (ARCH PHYS MED REHABIL), 2008 Apr; 89(4): 648-51 (16 ref) Publication Type: journal article Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine what effect, if any, a nasogastric (NG) tube has on occurrence of anterograde aspiration during objective evaluation of swallowing using both liquid and puree bolus consistencies. DESIGN: Prospective, consecutive. SETTING: Large, urban, tertiary care, teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Referred sample of 1260 consecutively enrolled inpatients. Group 1 (n=630; 346 male, 284 female) had an NG tube and group 2 (n=630; 360 male, 270 female) did not have an NG tube at time of referral for dysphagia evaluation. INTERVENTION: Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES)... Journal Subset: Allied Health; Double Blind Peer Reviewed; Editorial Board Reviewed; Expert Peer Reviewed; Online/Print; Peer Reviewed; USA |
Title: Asian flus in ethnographic and political context: a biosocial approach. Author(s): Kleinman AM; Bloom BR; Saich A; Mason KA; Aulino F Affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Source: Anthropology & Medicine (ANTHROPOL MED), 2008 Apr; 15(1): 1-5 (7 ref) Publication Type: journal article - editorial Abstract: This collection highlights some of the social, cultural, political and economic factors that must be considered in developing a biosocial approach to pandemic influenza control and prevention. To date, most discussions of the current spread of avian influenza and a predicted human influenza pandemic have lacked rigorous analysis of the local contexts in which flus arise and in which the effects of a pandemic would most strongly be felt... Journal Subset: Biomedical; Online/Print; Peer Reviewed; UK & Ireland |
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How many of the literature types below accurately describe the article/citation above? (check all that apply) |
How many of the literature types below accurately describe the article/citation above? (check all that apply) |